Anti-erosion measures - Revision history

Avinash Kumar at 09:38, 25 May 2016

2016-05-25T09:38:54Z

Stefanie Ettling: /* References and further reading */

2014-10-15T10:26:00Z

‎References and further reading

Stefanie Ettling: /* Definition */

2014-10-15T10:24:42Z

‎Definition

Friederike Kraemer: /* References and further reading */

2014-06-20T12:13:22Z

‎References and further reading

Christoph Wagener: /* Examples */

2013-10-11T13:44:07Z

‎Examples

Christoph Wagener: /* Examples */

2013-10-11T13:43:28Z

‎Examples

Christoph Wagener: /* References and further reading */

2013-10-11T13:42:15Z

‎References and further reading

Christoph Wagener at 15:45, 1 October 2013

2013-10-01T15:45:36Z

Christoph Wagener at 15:42, 1 October 2013

2013-10-01T15:42:28Z

Christoph Wagener at 15:42, 1 October 2013

2013-10-01T15:42:08Z

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 Especially in semi-arid landscapes the impacts of climate change strengthen the [[Vulnerability|vulnerability]] of landscapes to soil erosion and the existing cycles of natural resource degradation will be exacerbated.
 = Definition =
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 Anti-erosion measures are all actions to reduce the vulnerability of landscapes to soil-erosion processes. The key to erosion control is preventing the detachment of soil particles and reducing the volume of runoff. These measures include a broad range of technical and biological soil-treating actions and the rehabilitation of degraded areas as well as changes in [[Land use planning|land-use planning]] and agricultural management. These measures often involve the creation of a physical barrier. Due to different environmental conditions anti-erosion measures vary accordingly to the specific ecological conditions.
-[[ Rainwater harvesting |Rainwater Harvesting Systems]], e.g. [[Water spreading weirs – Sahel|Water Spreading Weirs]], often function as anti-erosion measures as their principle is to capture potentially damaging rainfall and runoff. They combine those benefits with the accumulation, storage and provision of rainwater for agricultural use. In some cases further stabilization measures are required to stop erosion completely.
+[[Rainwater harvesting|Rainwater Harvesting Systems]], e.g. [[Water spreading weirs – Sahel|Water Spreading Weirs]], often function as anti-erosion measures as their principle is to capture potentially damaging rainfall and runoff. They combine those benefits with the accumulation, storage and provision of rainwater for agricultural use. In some cases further stabilization measures are required to stop erosion completely.
 = <br/>Examples =
 Examples of anti-erosion-measures include (see [[Good Practices in Soil and Water Conservation - a contribution to adaptation and farmer's resilience towards climate change in the Sahel|GIZ 2012]] for further information):
 *[[Terraces|Terracing]]
 *Strip farming
@@ Line 33: / Line 36: @@
 *[[Reforestation|Reforestation]]
 = <br/>Soil conservation through vegetation and reforestation =
@@ Line 44: / Line 48: @@
 The influence of the vegetation is mainly attributed to the aboveground biomass. Differences between species appear due to their individual plant morphologies and plant components. Canopy cover played a major role in runoff and soil loss reduction in this study from Bochet et al. (2006). In the early growth stages of cereals and grasses, roots could be relatively more important with respect to soil erosion reduction than in later plant stages when the aboveground biomass overrules the effects of the plant roots. It is obvious that the influencing role of plant roots on water erosion will largely depend on root type and their spatial distribution.
+<br/>
-−
 = References and further reading =
@@ Line 65: / Line 70: @@
 [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA]
 [[Category:Resource_Management]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:26, 15 October 2014
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	The influence of the vegetation is mainly attributed to the aboveground biomass. Differences between species appear due to their individual plant morphologies and plant components. Canopy cover played a major role in runoff and soil loss reduction in this study from Bochet et al. (2006). In the early growth stages of cereals and grasses, roots could be relatively more important with respect to soil erosion reduction than in later plant stages when the aboveground biomass overrules the effects of the plant roots. It is obvious that the influencing role of plant roots on water erosion will largely depend on root type and their spatial distribution.		The influence of the vegetation is mainly attributed to the aboveground biomass. Differences between species appear due to their individual plant morphologies and plant components. Canopy cover played a major role in runoff and soil loss reduction in this study from Bochet et al. (2006). In the early growth stages of cereals and grasses, roots could be relatively more important with respect to soil erosion reduction than in later plant stages when the aboveground biomass overrules the effects of the plant roots. It is obvious that the influencing role of plant roots on water erosion will largely depend on root type and their spatial distribution.
		+


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	[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA]		[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA]
		+
		+	[[Category:Climate_Change]]
		+	[[Category:Resource_Management]]

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 Especially in semi-arid landscapes the impacts of climate change strengthen the [[Vulnerability|vulnerability]] of landscapes to soil erosion and the existing cycles of natural resource degradation will be exacerbated.
 = Definition =
@@ Line 10: / Line 11: @@
 Anti-erosion measures are all actions to reduce the vulnerability of landscapes to soil-erosion processes. The key to erosion control is preventing the detachment of soil particles and reducing the volume of runoff. These measures include a broad range of technical and biological soil-treating actions and the rehabilitation of degraded areas as well as changes in [[Land use planning|land-use planning]] and agricultural management. These measures often involve the creation of a physical barrier. Due to different environmental conditions anti-erosion measures vary accordingly to the specific ecological conditions.
-[[Water harvesting|Rainwater Harvesting Systems]], e.g. [[Water spreading weirs – Sahel|Water Spreading Weirs]], often function as anti-erosion measures as their principle is to capture potentially damaging rainfall and runoff. They combine those benefits with the accumulation, storage and provision of rainwater for agricultural use. In some cases further stabilization measures are required to stop erosion completely.
+[[ Rainwater harvesting |Rainwater Harvesting Systems]], e.g. [[Water spreading weirs – Sahel|Water Spreading Weirs]], often function as anti-erosion measures as their principle is to capture potentially damaging rainfall and runoff. They combine those benefits with the accumulation, storage and provision of rainwater for agricultural use. In some cases further stabilization measures are required to stop erosion completely.
-−

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:13, 20 June 2014
Line 43:		Line 43:

	The influence of the vegetation is mainly attributed to the aboveground biomass. Differences between species appear due to their individual plant morphologies and plant components. Canopy cover played a major role in runoff and soil loss reduction in this study from Bochet et al. (2006). In the early growth stages of cereals and grasses, roots could be relatively more important with respect to soil erosion reduction than in later plant stages when the aboveground biomass overrules the effects of the plant roots. It is obvious that the influencing role of plant roots on water erosion will largely depend on root type and their spatial distribution.		The influence of the vegetation is mainly attributed to the aboveground biomass. Differences between species appear due to their individual plant morphologies and plant components. Canopy cover played a major role in runoff and soil loss reduction in this study from Bochet et al. (2006). In the early growth stages of cereals and grasses, roots could be relatively more important with respect to soil erosion reduction than in later plant stages when the aboveground biomass overrules the effects of the plant roots. It is obvious that the influencing role of plant roots on water erosion will largely depend on root type and their spatial distribution.
		+


Line 60:		Line 61:

	E. Bochet, J. Poesen, J.L. Rubio (2006): Runoff and soil loss under individual plants of a semi-arid Mediterranean shrubland: influence of plant morphology and rainfall intensity. In: ''Earth Surf. ''Process. Landforms''31, 536–549''		E. Bochet, J. Poesen, J.L. Rubio (2006): Runoff and soil loss under individual plants of a semi-arid Mediterranean shrubland: influence of plant morphology and rainfall intensity. In: ''Earth Surf. ''Process. Landforms''31, 536–549''
		+
		+	[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iqIG7q_D70w&list=UUoeN5nAIVN_qd_rp0I_jJWA]

@@ Line 11: / Line 11: @@
 [[Water harvesting|Rainwater Harvesting Systems]], e.g. [[Water spreading weirs – Sahel|Water Spreading Weirs]], often function as anti-erosion measures as their principle is to capture potentially damaging rainfall and runoff. They combine those benefits with the accumulation, storage and provision of rainwater for agricultural use. In some cases further stabilization measures are required to stop erosion completely.
@@ Line 16: / Line 17: @@
 Examples of anti-erosion-measures include (see [[Good Practices in Soil and Water Conservation - a contribution to adaptation and farmer's resilience towards climate change in the Sahel|GIZ 2012]] for further information):
-*Terracing
+*[[Terraces|Terracing]]
 *Strip farming
 *[[Ridges|Ridges]]

@@ Line 40: / Line 40: @@
 The influence of the vegetation is mainly attributed to the aboveground biomass. Differences between species appear due to their individual plant morphologies and plant components. Canopy cover played a major role in runoff and soil loss reduction in this study from Bochet et al. (2006). In the early growth stages of cereals and grasses, roots could be relatively more important with respect to soil erosion reduction than in later plant stages when the aboveground biomass overrules the effects of the plant roots. It is obvious that the influencing role of plant roots on water erosion will largely depend on root type and their spatial distribution.
@@ Line 55: / Line 56: @@
 [[Water Harvesting: Guidelines to Good Practice|Rima Mekdaschi Studer, Hanspeter Lininger (2013): Water Harvesting: Guidelines to Good Practice]]
-E. Bochet, J. Poesen, J.L. Rubio (2006): Runoff and soil loss under individual plants of asemi-arid Mediterranean shrubland: influence of plant morphology and rainfall intensity. In: ''Earth Surf. ''Process. Landforms''31, 536–549''
+E. Bochet, J. Poesen, J.L. Rubio (2006): Runoff and soil loss under individual plants of a semi-arid Mediterranean shrubland: influence of plant morphology and rainfall intensity. In: ''Earth Surf. ''Process. Landforms''31, 536–549''

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 Soil erosion is a natural process of landform and landscape evolution involving the detachment, transport and deposition of mineragenic and organic sediments. This process is naturally occurring but can be exacerbated by human activity, such as farming. Land-cover change and intensification of farming are widely linked to accelerated soil erosion.
-Especially in semi-arid landscapes the impacts of climate change strengthen the vulnerability of landscapes to soil erosion and the existing cycles of natural resource degradation will be exacerbated.[[Vulnerability|vulnerability]]
+Especially in semi-arid landscapes the impacts of climate change strengthen the [[Vulnerability|vulnerability]] of landscapes to soil erosion and the existing cycles of natural resource degradation will be exacerbated.
-−
-<br/>
 = Definition =
@@ Line 17: / Line 15: @@
 Examples of anti-erosion-measures include (see [[Good Practices in Soil and Water Conservation - a contribution to adaptation and farmer's resilience towards climate change in the Sahel|GIZ 2012]] for further information):
 *Terracing
 *Strip farming
@@ Line 37: / Line 33: @@
 = <br/>Soil conservation through vegetation and reforestation =
-<br/>As the amount of bare soil one a site is a good indicator of the soil’s vulnerability to erosion and degradation, good soil coverage is an essential element in soil conservation programs.
+As the amount of bare soil one a site is a good indicator of the soil’s vulnerability to erosion and degradation, good soil coverage is an essential element in soil conservation programs.
 A vegetation cover reduces the erosive power of impacting raindrops and thus splash erosion, furthermore it reduces the volume of water reaching the soil surface.
@@ Line 45: / Line 41: @@
 The influence of the vegetation is mainly attributed to the aboveground biomass. Differences between species appear due to their individual plant morphologies and plant components. Canopy cover played a major role in runoff and soil loss reduction in this study from Bochet et al. (2006). In the early growth stages of cereals and grasses, roots could be relatively more important with respect to soil erosion reduction than in later plant stages when the aboveground biomass overrules the effects of the plant roots. It is obvious that the influencing role of plant roots on water erosion will largely depend on root type and their spatial distribution.
-<br/>
 = References and further reading =

@@ Line 49: / Line 49: @@
 = References and further reading =
-[[Good_Practices_in_Soil_and_Water_Conservation_-_a_contribution_to_adaptation_and_farmer's_resilience_towards_climate_change_in_the_Sahel|GIZ (2012): Good Practices in Soil and Water Conservation - a contribution to adaptation and farmer's resilience towards climate change in the Sahel]]
+[[Good Practices in Soil and Water Conservation - a contribution to adaptation and farmer's resilience towards climate change in the Sahel|GIZ (2012): Good Practices in Soil and Water Conservation - a contribution to adaptation and farmer's resilience towards climate change in the Sahel]]
-[[Water-spreading_weirs_for_the_development_of_degraded_dry_river_valleys|GIZ, KfW (2012): Water-spreading weirs for the development of degraded dry river valleys]]
+[[Water-spreading weirs for the development of degraded dry river valleys|GIZ, KfW (2012): Water-spreading weirs for the development of degraded dry river valleys]]
-[[Erosionsbekämpfung_in_Parana,_Brasilien|GIZ (1988): Erosionsbekämpfung in Parana, Brasilien]]
+[[Erosionsbekämpfung in Parana, Brasilien|GIZ (1988): Erosionsbekämpfung in Parana, Brasilien]]
-[[Ressourcensicherung_im_Sahel|Lüdemann, F.(1995): Ressourcensicherung im Sahel]]
+[[Ressourcensicherung im Sahel|Lüdemann, F.(1995): Ressourcensicherung im Sahel]]
-[[Water_Harvesting:_Guidelines_to_Good_Practice|Rima Mekdaschi Studer, Hanspeter Lininger (2013): Water Harvesting: Guidelines to Good Practice]]
+[[Water Harvesting: Guidelines to Good Practice|Rima Mekdaschi Studer, Hanspeter Lininger (2013): Water Harvesting: Guidelines to Good Practice]]
-E. Bochet, J. Poesen, J.L. Rubio (2006): Runoff and soil loss under individual plants of asemi-arid Mediterranean shrubland: influence of plant morphology and rainfall intensity. In: ''Earth Surf. '''''Process. Landforms''31, 536–549'''''
+E. Bochet, J. Poesen, J.L. Rubio (2006): Runoff and soil loss under individual plants of asemi-arid Mediterranean shrubland: influence of plant morphology and rainfall intensity. In: ''Earth Surf. ''Process. Landforms''31, 536–549''