Changes in Water Temperatures - Revision history

Stefanie Ettling: /* Consequences for agricultural water management */

2014-10-15T06:49:05Z

‎Consequences for agricultural water management

Stefanie Ettling at 13:39, 14 October 2014

2014-10-14T13:39:31Z

Stefanie Ettling at 13:36, 14 October 2014

2014-10-14T13:36:02Z

Stefanie Ettling at 13:33, 14 October 2014

2014-10-14T13:33:52Z

Stefanie Ettling: Stefanie Ettling moved page Temperature to Changes in Water Temperatures

2014-10-14T13:23:49Z

Stefanie Ettling moved page Temperature to Changes in Water Temperatures

Christoph Wagener at 11:37, 11 March 2014

2014-03-11T11:37:18Z

Christoph Wagener at 11:36, 11 March 2014

2014-03-11T11:36:22Z

Christoph Wagener at 15:54, 6 March 2014

2014-03-06T15:54:16Z

Christoph Wagener at 15:53, 6 March 2014

2014-03-06T15:53:43Z

Christoph Wagener: /* Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change */

2014-03-06T15:53:28Z

‎Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change

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 As most chemical reactions and bacteriological processes run faster at higher temperatures, higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to increase different forms of water pollution. Higher water temperatures, increased precipitation intensity and longer periods of low flows are projected to exacerbate many forms of water pollution and increase pressure on diseases such as malaria, schistosomiasis and diarrhea. For example, climate has been found to influence cholera dynamics in Bangladesh, Peru and five countries in Africa (WWAP 2012).
 === Consequences for agricultural water management ===
-The temperature of water used for agriculture has high influences on the environment, soil quality and crops. An option to cope with [[Water scarcity|water scarcity]] is supply enhancement which includes the [[Reuse|reuse of wastewater]]. Given the mentioned impacts of higher temperatures on water [[Quality|quality]], harmful effects could be the consequence when using [[Irrigation with marginal quality water|wastewater for irrigation]] purposes. The growth of waterborne toxins and parasites will create an additional risk of using this water for food production, especially in areas where a greater dependence on irrigation with wastewater is needed to address crop moisture deficits generated by heat waves and greater precipitation variability. (FAO 2012; Padgham, J. 2009). The World Health Organisation (WHO) has developed appropriate guidelines which are available in ‘WHO Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater, Volume ii, Wastewater Use in Agriculture’.
+The temperature of water used for agriculture has high influences on the environment, soil quality and crops. An option to cope with [[Water scarcity|water scarcity]] is supply enhancement which includes the [[Reuse|reuse of wastewater]]. Given the mentioned impacts of higher temperatures on water [[Quality of Water|quality]], harmful effects could be the consequence when using [[Irrigation with marginal quality water|wastewater for irrigation]] purposes. The growth of waterborne toxins and parasites will create an additional risk of using this water for food production, especially in areas where a greater dependence on irrigation with wastewater is needed to address crop moisture deficits generated by heat waves and greater precipitation variability. (FAO 2012; Padgham, J. 2009). The World Health Organisation (WHO) has developed appropriate guidelines which are available in ‘WHO Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater, Volume ii, Wastewater Use in Agriculture’.
 From 2004, GTZ has implemented the project “Reclaimed Water Irrigation“. The guidelines elaborated in the context of the “Reclaimed Water Project” are available in [http://agriwaterpedia.info/wiki/Guidelines_for_Reclaimed_Water_Irrigation_in_the_Jordan_Valley Guidelines for Reclaimed Water Irrigation in the Jordan Valley]
 <br/>
 == References ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:39, 14 October 2014
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		+	[[Category:Enabling_Environment]]
		+	[[Category:Climate_Change]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:36, 14 October 2014
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−	Besides the effects on the global [[~~Influence~~ of Climate Change on the water cycle\|water cycle]], higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to affect water [[Quality of Water\|quality]] and exacerbate many forms of water pollution and thus the environmental and agricultural conditions.	+	Besides the effects on the global [[The influence of Climate Change on the water cycle\|water cycle]], higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to affect water [[Quality of Water\|quality]] and exacerbate many forms of water pollution and thus the environmental and agricultural conditions.

	== <span style="line-height: 23.8px; font-size: 19px;">Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change</span> ==		== <span style="line-height: 23.8px; font-size: 19px;">Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change</span> ==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Besides the effects on the global [[Influence on the water cycle|water cycle]], higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to affect water [[Quality|quality]] and exacerbate many forms of water pollution and thus the environmental and agricultural conditions.
+Besides the effects on the global [[Influence of Climate Change on the water cycle|water cycle]], higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to affect water [[Quality of Water|quality]] and exacerbate many forms of water pollution and thus the environmental and agricultural conditions.
-== <span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 23.80000114440918px;">Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change</span> ==
+== <span style="line-height: 23.8px; font-size: 19px;">Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change</span> ==
 River and lake water temperatures are expected to show the most immediate reaction to [[Portal:Climate Change Background|climate change]], as they are in close balance with air temperature. In Europe, North America and Asia, surface water temperatures have warmed by 0.2 to 2°C in lakes and rivers during the last 50 years. In the large African lakes, the deep-water temperatures have warmed by 0.2. to 0.7°C in the last century, especially this development of deep-water temperatures reflect long-term trends (IPCC).
-== <span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 23.80000114440918px;">Environmental Impacts of higher water temperatures</span> ==
+== <span style="line-height: 23.8px; font-size: 19px;">Environmental Impacts of higher water temperatures</span> ==
-=== <span lang="EN-US">Biodiversity</span> ===
+=== <span lang="en-us">Biodiversity</span> ===
 Many species are temperature sensitive, and abrupt water temperature rises could have important implications for some aquatic species. Changes in the water temperature may deplete certain species and on the other hand trigger the establishment of invasive species with unknown consequences for [[Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity|ecosystem structures]]. Daufresne and Boet (2006) for example underline that species composition, diversity, global abundance and size structure of fish communities exhibited important trends related to water warming in large rivers. Also changes in productivity and phenological shifts (including earlier fish migration) are reported (IPCC Technical Paper).
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 Due to higher temperatures, increased thermal stability and altered mixing patterns in lakes may result in reduced oxygen concentrations and an increased release of phosphorus from the sediments and cause algal blooms that restructure the aquatic food web. There have been decreases in nutrients in the surface water and corresponding increases in deep-water concentrations of European and East African lakes because of this reduced upwelling due to greater thermal stability. Reduced oxygen concentrations will reduce aquatic species diversity, especially in cases where water quality is impaired by eutrophication. An increased bacteria and fungi content will also be promoted through higher water temperatures. On the other hand water quality could be improved during the winter and spring time in some regions due to an earlier ice-breakup and higher oxygen levels.
-=== <span lang="EN-US">Water pollution</span><br/> ===
+=== <span lang="en-us">Water pollution</span><br/> ===
 As most chemical reactions and bacteriological processes run faster at higher temperatures, higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to increase different forms of water pollution. Higher water temperatures, increased precipitation intensity and longer periods of low flows are projected to exacerbate many forms of water pollution and increase pressure on diseases such as malaria, schistosomiasis and diarrhea. For example, climate has been found to influence cholera dynamics in Bangladesh, Peru and five countries in Africa (WWAP 2012).

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Besides the effects on the global [[Influence_on_the_water_cycle|water cycle]], higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to affect water [[Quality|quality]] and exacerbate many forms of [[File:IWMI_(2011)._Reducing_Health_Risks_Polluted_Water_West_Africa.pdf|water pollution]] and thus the environmental and agricultural conditions.
+Besides the effects on the global [[Influence on the water cycle|water cycle]], higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to affect water [[Quality|quality]] and exacerbate many forms of water pollution and thus the environmental and agricultural conditions.
 == <span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 23.80000114440918px;">Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change</span> ==
-River and lake water temperatures are expected to show the most immediate reaction to [[Portal:Climate_Change_Background|climate change]], as they are in close balance with air temperature. In Europe, North America and Asia, surface water temperatures have warmed by 0.2 to 2°C in lakes and rivers during the last 50 years. In the large African lakes, the deep-water temperatures have warmed by 0.2. to 0.7°C in the last century, especially this development of deep-water temperatures reflect long-term trends (IPCC).
+River and lake water temperatures are expected to show the most immediate reaction to [[Portal:Climate Change Background|climate change]], as they are in close balance with air temperature. In Europe, North America and Asia, surface water temperatures have warmed by 0.2 to 2°C in lakes and rivers during the last 50 years. In the large African lakes, the deep-water temperatures have warmed by 0.2. to 0.7°C in the last century, especially this development of deep-water temperatures reflect long-term trends (IPCC).
 == <span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 23.80000114440918px;">Environmental Impacts of higher water temperatures</span> ==
@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 === <span lang="EN-US">Biodiversity</span> ===
-Many species are temperature sensitive, and abrupt water temperature rises could have important implications for some aquatic species. Changes in the water temperature may deplete certain species and on the other hand trigger the establishment of invasive species with unknown consequences for [[Ecosystem_Services_and_Biodiversity|ecosystem structures]]. Daufresne and Boet (2006) for example underline that species composition, diversity, global abundance and size structure of fish communities exhibited important trends related to water warming in large rivers. Also changes in productivity and phenological shifts (including earlier fish migration) are reported (IPCC Technical Paper).
+Many species are temperature sensitive, and abrupt water temperature rises could have important implications for some aquatic species. Changes in the water temperature may deplete certain species and on the other hand trigger the establishment of invasive species with unknown consequences for [[Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity|ecosystem structures]]. Daufresne and Boet (2006) for example underline that species composition, diversity, global abundance and size structure of fish communities exhibited important trends related to water warming in large rivers. Also changes in productivity and phenological shifts (including earlier fish migration) are reported (IPCC Technical Paper).
 === Water Quality ===
@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 === Consequences for agricultural water management ===
-The temperature of water used for agriculture has high influences on the environment, soil quality and crops. An option to cope with [[Water_scarcity|water scarcity]] is supply enhancement which includes the [[Reuse|reuse of wastewater]]. Given the mentioned impacts of higher temperatures on water [[Quality|quality]], harmful effects could be the consequence when using [[Irrigation_with_marginal_quality_water|wastewater for irrigation]] purposes. The growth of waterborne toxins and parasites will create an additional risk of using this water for food production, especially in areas where a greater dependence on irrigation with wastewater is needed to address crop moisture deficits generated by heat waves and greater precipitation variability. (FAO 2012; Padgham, J. 2009). The World Health Organisation (WHO) has developed appropriate guidelines which are available in ‘WHO Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater, Volume ii, Wastewater Use in Agriculture’.
+The temperature of water used for agriculture has high influences on the environment, soil quality and crops. An option to cope with [[Water scarcity|water scarcity]] is supply enhancement which includes the [[Reuse|reuse of wastewater]]. Given the mentioned impacts of higher temperatures on water [[Quality|quality]], harmful effects could be the consequence when using [[Irrigation with marginal quality water|wastewater for irrigation]] purposes. The growth of waterborne toxins and parasites will create an additional risk of using this water for food production, especially in areas where a greater dependence on irrigation with wastewater is needed to address crop moisture deficits generated by heat waves and greater precipitation variability. (FAO 2012; Padgham, J. 2009). The World Health Organisation (WHO) has developed appropriate guidelines which are available in ‘WHO Guidelines for the Safe Use of Wastewater, Excreta and Greywater, Volume ii, Wastewater Use in Agriculture’.
 From 2004, GTZ has implemented the project “Reclaimed Water Irrigation“. The guidelines elaborated in the context of the “Reclaimed Water Project” are available in [http://agriwaterpedia.info/wiki/Guidelines_for_Reclaimed_Water_Irrigation_in_the_Jordan_Valley Guidelines for Reclaimed Water Irrigation in the Jordan Valley]

@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 Besides the effects on the global water cycle, higher water temperatures due to climate change are projected to affect water quality and exacerbate many forms of water pollution and thus the environmental and agricultural conditions.
+<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 23.80000114440918px;">Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change</span>
-== <span lang="EN-US">Changes in Water Temperatures due to climate change</span><br/> ==
 River and lake water temperatures are expected to show the most immediate reaction to climate change, as they are in close balance with air temperature. In Europe, North America and Asia, surface water temperatures have warmed by 0.2 to 2°C in lakes and rivers during the last 50 years. In the large African lakes, the deep-water temperatures have warmed by 0.2. to 0.7°C in the last century, especially this development of deep-water temperatures reflect long-term trends (IPCC).
+<span style="font-size: 19px; line-height: 23.80000114440918px;">Environmental Impacts of higher water temperatures</span>
-== <span lang="EN-US">Environmental Impacts of higher water temperatures</span> ==
 === <span lang="EN-US">Biodiversity</span> ===