Organic matter management - Revision history

Avinash Kumar at 13:40, 5 September 2016

2016-09-05T13:40:07Z

Avinash Kumar at 14:52, 28 June 2016

2016-06-28T14:52:38Z

Uschuetzenmeister at 14:41, 28 June 2016

2016-06-28T14:41:50Z

Uschuetzenmeister at 14:41, 28 June 2016

2016-06-28T14:41:11Z

Avinash Kumar at 09:44, 24 June 2016

2016-06-24T09:44:49Z

Avinash Kumar at 09:43, 24 June 2016

2016-06-24T09:43:26Z

Avinash Kumar at 09:42, 24 June 2016

2016-06-24T09:42:50Z

Avinash Kumar at 09:41, 24 June 2016

2016-06-24T09:41:19Z

Avinash Kumar at 07:56, 22 June 2016

2016-06-22T07:56:00Z

Avinash Kumar at 07:55, 22 June 2016

2016-06-22T07:55:07Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:40, 5 September 2016
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	Organic matter management (OMM) refers to various agricultural practices to maintain and increase the organic matter status of soils with the aim of enhancing soil fertility, in particular by ameliorating the provision, storage and release of nutrients as well as by improving the soil structure, which in turn increases the infiltration and retention capacity of the water in the soil. __TOC__		Organic matter management (OMM) refers to various agricultural practices to maintain and increase the organic matter status of soils with the aim of enhancing soil fertility, in particular by ameliorating the provision, storage and release of nutrients as well as by improving the soil structure, which in turn increases the infiltration and retention capacity of the water in the soil. __TOC__

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 GIZ/Müller-Sämann, K. M. (1986): Bodenfruchtbarkeit und standortgerechte Landwirtschaft. Maßnahmen und Methoden im Tropischen Pflanzenbau.
-[[Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft in Ruanda|GIZ/Kotschi, J. et al.(1991): Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft in Ruanda. Zehn Jahre Forschung und Entwicklung in Nyabisindu]].
+[[Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft in Ruanda|GIZ/Kotschi, J. et al.(1991): Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft in Ruanda. Zehn Jahre Forschung und Entwicklung in Nyabisindu]]. <!--{{format}} -->
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 Organic matter management (OMM) refers to various agricultural practices to maintain and increase the organic matter status of soils with the aim of enhancing soil fertility, in particular by ameliorating the provision, storage and release of nutrients as well as by improving the soil structure, which in turn increases the infiltration and retention capacity of the water in the soil. __TOC__
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 [[Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft in Ruanda|GIZ/Kotschi, J. et al.(1991): Standortgerechte Landwirtschaft in Ruanda. Zehn Jahre Forschung und Entwicklung in Nyabisindu]].
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 Organic matter management (OMM) refers to various agricultural practices to maintain and increase the organic matter status of soils with the aim of enhancing soil fertility, in particular by ameliorating the provision, storage and release of nutrients as well as by improving the soil structure, which in turn increases the infiltration and retention capacity of the water in the soil. __TOC__
-<br/><br/><br/>Organic matter management (OMM) refers to various agricultural practices to maintain and increase the organic matter status of soils with the aim of enhancing soil fertility, in particular by ameliorating the provision, storage and release of nutrients as well as by improving the soil structure, which in turn increases the infiltration and retention capacity of the water in the soil. __TOC__
 = Significance of OMM in relation to soil fertility, water management and climate risk adaptation =

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 OMM as a measure to enhance soil fertility is an integral part of devising farming- and cropping systems. The design principle aims at maintaining a cycle of organic matter between soil, plants and animals, creating equilibrium between in- and outputs at the field and farm level.<br/>In tropical smallholder agriculture many useful practices of OMM can be found, but they are often not sufficiently adapted to respond to current changes like shrinking farm sizes, [[Small-scale Agriculture on Acid Soils|degraded soils]] etc. So many farmers practise continuous cropping, often of monocultures without sufficient restitution of organic matter, resulting in soil exhaustion and declining productivity, which in turn worsens the water-holding capacity of soils. The key of OMM is maximisation of biomass production, keeping a nutrient balance on field and farm-level and slowing down the decomposition of OM. Both the production of OM as well as the decomposition are accelerated in the warm and humid conditions of tropical climates.<br/>By increasing soil fertility OMM contributes to [[Definition and Dimensions|food security]] and higher economic returns, which is mainly a result of mobilising local farm resources. In most cases, mineral fertilisers show a better response level when combined with organic fertilisers (saving on costly external inputs). OMM provides smallholders with the most important locally available means of maintaining and generating soil fertility.<br/>The significance of OM for agricultural water management lies not only in improved soil properties like infiltration-rate and water-holding capacities but also in a number of OMM practices which increase water harvest potentials (like hedgerows, mulching) and reduce unproductive water losses (evaporation, etc.).<br/>OMM provides a number of effective responses to the current challenge of adapting farming practices to the extremes caused by climate change (rainstorms, flooding, drought). Humus-rich soils are less vulnerable to erosive rains and drought. Farms designed with the aim of creating maximum biomass production and storage (agroforestry, multiple cropping) add to the protection of soils and create carbon-rich agro-ecosystems (carbon sinks of living and dead organic matter). In irrigation, agricultural watershed management is important in order to reduce flooding or drought. Hillsides managed with the principles of OMM can contribute to this.
-= Impact on soil parameters =
+== Impact on soil parameters ==
 The properties of tropical soils are greatly variable and the production and decomposition of OM highly dependent on climate. These two factors have an influence on how far soil parameters are affected through OMM. The main effects are as follows:

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:41, 24 June 2016
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−	Organic matter management (OMM) refers to various agricultural practices to maintain and increase the organic matter status of soils with the aim of enhancing soil fertility, in particular by ameliorating the provision, storage and release of nutrients as well as by improving the soil structure, which in turn increases the infiltration and retention capacity of the water in the soil. __TOC__	+	<br/><br/><br/>Organic matter management (OMM) refers to various agricultural practices to maintain and increase the organic matter status of soils with the aim of enhancing soil fertility, in particular by ameliorating the provision, storage and release of nutrients as well as by improving the soil structure, which in turn increases the infiltration and retention capacity of the water in the soil. __TOC__

	= Significance of OMM in relation to soil fertility, water management and climate risk adaptation =		= Significance of OMM in relation to soil fertility, water management and climate risk adaptation =