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| − | IPCC defines adaptation as ‘adjustment in natural or human systems to a new or changing environment. Adaptation to climate change refers to adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities. Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, including anticipatory and reactive adaptation, private and public adaptation, and autonomous and planned adaptation’ <ref>IPCC, Annex B. Glossary of Terms, URL: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/glossary/tar-ipcc-terms-en.pdf</ref>.
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| − | In regard to water scarcity and food security, FAO provides an overview of possible adaptation measures with the following structure: within and outside of the water domain and the agricultural sector focusing on the supply and demand side of water for agriculture<ref>FAO, 2012 (forthcoming): Water scarcity and food security. A framework for action</ref>.
| + | The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines adaptation as ‘adjustment in natural or human systems to a new or changing environment. Adaptation to climate change refers to adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities. Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, including anticipatory and reactive adaptation, private and public adaptation, and autonomous and planned adaptation’. <ref>IPCC, Annex B. Glossary of Terms, URL: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/glossary/tar-ipcc-terms-en.pdf</ref> |
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| − | = Adapation measures at the water supply side =
| + | In regard to water scarcity and food security, FAO provides an overview of possible adaptation measures with the following structure: within and outside of the water domain and the agricultural sector focusing on the supply and demand side of water for agriculture.<ref>FAO, 2012 (forthcoming): Water scarcity and food security. A framework for action</ref> |
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| − | Within the water domain, options at the water supply side are:<br>• Increasing storage (through [[Water harvesting|water harvesting]])<br>• Groundwater development<br>• Water recycling and reuse<br>• Pollution control <br>• Desalination<br>• Importing water (inter-basin transfer, desalination)
| + | = Adapation measures at the water supply side = |
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| + | <u>Within the water domain, options at the water supply side are:</u> |
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| − | Within the agricultural water management domain, options at the water supply side are:<br>• Supply enhancement through on-farm water conservation or small scale water harvesting measures<br>• urban waste water reuse for crop production<br>• Control of pollution from agriculture
| + | *Increasing [[Water Storage|storage]] (through [[Water harvesting|water harvesting]]) |
| | + | *Groundwater development |
| | + | *Water recycling and reuse |
| | + | *Pollution control |
| | + | *Desalination |
| | + | *Importing water (inter-basin transfer, desalination) |
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| | + | <u>Within the agricultural water management domain, options at the water supply side are:</u> |
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| − | = Options at the water demand side =
| + | *Supply enhancement through on-farm water conservation or small scale water harvesting measures |
| | + | *Urban waste water reuse for crop production |
| | + | *Control of pollution from agriculture |
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| − | Options at the water demand side are:<br>• Reducing [[Water losses|water losses]] <br>• Increasing water productivity (better water control, improved production processes)<br>• Water re-allocation
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| − | <br>Options at the demand side for agricultural water can be found in:<br>• Pressurized conveyance and application of water (drip), improved irrigation scheduling and moisture control, canal lining<br>• Improved water delivery service in irrigation<br>• Yield gap reduction through improved agricultural practices, improved genetic material<br>• Shift to higher value crops in irrigation and/or limiting evapotranspiration by reducing areas under irrigation <br>• Consideration of crop water requirements
| + | = Options at the water demand side = |
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| | + | <u>Options at the water demand side are:</u> |
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| − | = Adaptation measures outside of the water domain =
| + | *Increasing water productivity (better water control, improved production processes) |
| | + | *Water re-[[Water Development and Allocation|allocation]] |
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| − | Outside of the water domain, adaptation options to water scarcity in regard to food security can be<br>• Reducing losses in the value chain<br>• Reducing demand for irrigated products and services<br>• Reducing water use per capita
| + | <u>Options at the demand side for agricultural water can be found in:</u> |
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| − | For further information, check the underlying hyperlinks of the different options.
| + | *Pressurized conveyance and application of water (drip), improved irrigation scheduling and moisture control, canal lining |
| | + | *Improved water delivery service in irrigation |
| | + | *Yield gap reduction through improved agricultural practices like [[Organic matter management|organic matter management]], improved genetic material |
| | + | *Shift to higher value crops in irrigation and/or limiting evapotranspiration by reducing areas under irrigation |
| | + | *Consideration of crop water requirements |
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| − | = References = | + | = Adaptation measures outside of the water domain = |
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| − | <references /> | + | Outside of the water domain, adaptation options to water scarcity in regard to food security can be |
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| | + | *Reducing losses in the value chain |
| | + | *Reducing demand for irrigated products and services |
| | + | *Reducing water use per capita |
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| | + | For further information, check the underlying hyperlinks of the different options. |
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| | + | = References = |
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| | + | <references /> __noeditsection__ |
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| | + | [[Category:Climate_Change]] |
| | + | [[Category:Water_Security]] |
| | + | [[Category:Excellent]] |
| | + | [[Category:Climate_Change_Adaptation]] |
| | + | [[Category:Resource_Management]] |
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines adaptation as ‘adjustment in natural or human systems to a new or changing environment. Adaptation to climate change refers to adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities. Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, including anticipatory and reactive adaptation, private and public adaptation, and autonomous and planned adaptation’. [1]
In regard to water scarcity and food security, FAO provides an overview of possible adaptation measures with the following structure: within and outside of the water domain and the agricultural sector focusing on the supply and demand side of water for agriculture.[2]
Outside of the water domain, adaptation options to water scarcity in regard to food security can be
For further information, check the underlying hyperlinks of the different options.
