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Transition from Centralised Regime to Local Initiative
This case study compares two approaches which both contributed to the development of today's orchard-based agroforestry system: (1) Soviet approach- the previous state run dictorial system of the soviet times and (2) Farmer's initiative: the current bottom-up approach.
Farmers from the hilly Faizabad region with its deep and highly erodible loess soils had traditionally combined the cultivation of beans and wheat with fruit trees.