| I The Concept of Food and Nutrition Security 21
1 Background 23
2 The evolution of Food and Nutrition Security concerns 23
3 A holistic understanding of Food and Nutrition Security 24
4 Aspects of Food and Nutrition Security 25
5 Rational for investing in Food and Nutrition Security 35
6 Cross cutting issues in Food and Nutrition Security 38
7 Outlook 48
II The Food and Nutrition Security Situation in 2009 53
1 Introduction 56
2 Assessing the Food and Nutrition Security situation 57
3 Current state of food insecurity 58
4 Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) 63
5 Vitamin & mineral deficiencies 65
III Instruments for the Assessment and Analysis of the Food and Nutrition
Security Situation at Macro Level 69
1 Introduction 72
2 Indicators to assess and analyse the Food and Nutrition Security situation at macro level 75
3 Methods to assess and analyse the Food and Nutrition Security situation at macro level 82
IV Instruments for the Assessment and Analysis of the Food and Nutrition
Security Situation at Micro and Meso Level 111
1 Introduction 113
2 Indicators to assess the Food and Nutrition Security situation at micro and meso level 113
3 Instruments and methods to assess the Food and Nutrition Security at micro and meso level 124
V Security Situation 137
1 Introduction 139
2 Finding and using data 139
3 Planning the assessment and analysis process 140
4 Choosing (the right) indicators and methods 142
5 Choosing among indicators 145
6 From data to recommendations 150
VI Actions / Interventions to Improve Food and Nutrition Security at
Macro Level 151
1 Macro and Sector-Policies in Food and Nutrition Security 153
2 Instruments for the prevention and management of food crises 160
VII Actions / Interventions to Improve Food and Nutrition Security at
Meso and Micro Level 169
1 Introduction: Targeted Food and Nutrition Security interventions 171
2 Actions to improve availability of food 173
3 Actions to improve access to food 178
4 Actions to improve the use and utilisation of food 181
5 Success factors and programmes in Food and Nutrition Security 191
6 Integrated Food and Nutrition Security programmes 202
VIII Developing Appropriate Strategies for Food and Nutrition Security 219
1 Introduction 221
2 Project and programme cycle 221
3 Criteria for selection 226
4 Linking relief, rehabilitation and development 228
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