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| − | === '''Water Governance''' === | + | == The agriwaterpedia.info Open Competition is closed now! == |
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| | + | [[Food security|Food Security]]<br/> |
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| | + | [[Dryland farming|Dryland Farming]]<br/> |
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| − | Water governance is the comprehensive control and coordination of water supply and use. It refers to the basic agreements, rights and regulations that are made on the basis of management decisions in the water sector.
| + | [[Ownership of water|Ownership of Water]]<br/> |
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| | + | [[Water in the Green Economy|Water in the Green Economy]]<br/> |
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| | + | [[Riverbed farming|Riverbed farming]] |
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| − | '''Contents'''
| + | [[Multi-level approach|Multi-level approach]] |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Requirements_of_water Requirements of water governance] | + | [[Water Governance and Women|Water Governance and Women]]<br/> |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Toc328153285 Criteria for effective water governance] | + | [[Development_of_Clean_Water_and_Sustainable_Environment_By_Dry_Composting_Toilet|Development of Clean Water and Sustainable Environment by Dry Composting Toilet]]<br/> |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Toc328153286 (1) Transparency] | + | [[EU's_water_privatization_plans_–_Benefits_and_downsides_of_privatizing_a_public_good|EU's water privatization plans – Benefits and downsides of privatizing a public good]] |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Toc328153287 (2) Accountability] | + | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/wiki/Dams:_Environmental_impact Dams: Environmental impacts] |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Toc328153288 (3) Participation] | + | [[Coffee|The water footprint of coffee]]<br/> |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Toc328153289 (4) Equity] | + | [[Water Governance|Water Governance]] |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Toc328153290 (5) Consistency] | + | [[Agriculture and health|Agriculture and health]] |
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| − | [http://agriwaterpedia.info/index.php?title=Submitted_Articles&action=edit&mode=wysiwyg#_Toc328153291 (6) Ethics] | + | [[Sustainable intensification|Sustainable intensification]] |
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| | + | [[Sources of water|Sources of water]] |
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| | + | [[Pastoralist agricultural systems|Pastoralist agricultural systems]] |
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| − | === '''Requirements of water governance''' ===
| + | [[Water in the Food Supply Chain|Water in the Food Supply Chain]] |
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| − | Water governance reflects the need for coordination between water users, taking into account technical, financial, organisational, legal and personnel aspects of the system. It is required to coordinate water use with other claims on water utilisation that are not related to the irrigation system (e.g. supra-regional and transboundary interests). | + | [[Water trading|Water Trading]]<br/>[[The agricultural irrigation effects on wetlands ecosystems in 3rd world countries|The agricultural irrigation effects on wetlands ecosystems in 3rd world countries]] |
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| − | Mostly, these claims are only to be met by coordinated action at various administrative levels. This often creates complex water governance systems. The international water management experts agree that water crises in many regions basically have to be considered as crises of water governance, particularly in terms of inefficient water use in agriculture. If conflicts should be avoided and a sustainable use of resources should be secured, requirements on governance will increase with increasing water scarcity.
| + | [[Water Development and Allocation|Water Development and Allocation]] |
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| − | In general, water governance should be regarded as a multi-level system of social control options that interact within each other:
| + | [[Decision-making support|Decision-making support]] |
| − | *Management functions at the lowest of these levels can only be exercised effectively if they are based on clear rules, laws, rights and agreements (governance mechanisms).
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| − | *In turn, governance mechanisms are only as effective as the institutions that stand behind them and enforce their compliance (e.g. by incentives and sanctions).
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| − | *The institutional environment and the other levels of governance system must be consistent with existing local traditions, social norms and sometimes religious beliefs.
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| | + | [[The Anthropocene's demand for a new approach towards Climate Change|The Anthropocene's demand for a new approach towards Climate Change]] |
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| | + | [[Water Management in Rainfed Agriculture by Smallholder Farmers in the central Himalayan Region|Water Management in Rainfed Agriculture by Smallholder Farmers in the central Himalayan Region]] |
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| − | === '''Criteria for effective water governance''' === | + | <span dir="auto">[[Spring Development Program - Philippines|Spring Development Program - Philippines]]</span> |
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| − | A comprehensive commitment to the strengthening of water governance systems can only be successful if development cooperation projects are implemented on sufficiently long terms. The following criteria are decisive for effective water governance:
| + | [[Project EcoRegar|EcoRegar - The solar irrigation system]] |
| − | #'''Transparency''': Governance processes and decisions must be transparent to the public, and the relevant information (about spatial and temporal availability of water resources, essential rights and allocation decisions, rules and regulations) must be accessible
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| − | #'''Accountability''': Governments, civil society organizations and the private sector are accountable to the public. This also applies to decisions that affect water resources. When it comes to issues of exploitation and pollution of water resources, transparency and accountability are important criteria. Where these criteria are not met, the doors open for rent-seeking and corruption. Measures to prevent and reduce corrupt behavior are amongst the most senior claims on agricultural water use. It is important to eliminate existing deficiencies in the monitoring and the control of service provision in resource use. Incentives for compliant behavior have to be created, clear rules for the sanctioning of violations have to be established and the responsible institutions have to be empowered to enforce these rules.
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| − | #'''Participation''': Water users have to get opportunities to participate in relevant decision-making processes (see the article on participation for more information on this).
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| − | #'''Equity''': Access to (land and) water resources has to be regulated in a coordinated manner so that the economic and social well-being of society is maximised without compromising the sustainability of important ecosystems. With regard to the increasing water scarcity in many countries, good water governance reaches considerable importance. Increasing attention should be paid to the political process to shape equitable allocation mechanisms in agricultural water use. Historic, cultural and religious factors are taken into account here. Such arrangements should explicitly not be at the expense of the poor population. Questions of equal access of women to the use and management of water resources must also be considered.
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| − | #'''Consistency''': Coherent, integrated policy approaches have to be developed to take the complexities of water governance into account. On the one hand, this requirement means that the various levels of the governance system should not be in conflict with each other. On the other hand, this criterion relates to the coherence of the various water-related sectoral policies. This means that policies in terms of water use in households, agriculture, industry and ecology should be addressed to integrated policy approaches (IWRM).
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| − | #'''Ethics''': Water governance should be based on the ethical principles of the society in which water resources are used. This means that locally prevailing traditions, social norms and religious beliefs should be considered at all levels of the governance system.
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| | + | [[Adaption - Ecosystem based (AbE) and connectivity|Adaption - Ecosystem based (AbE) and connectivity]] |
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| | + | [[Desalination|Desalination]] |
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| − | The challenge water governance faces is to develop concepts based on an in depth knowledge and analysis of existing governance systems that are adapted to the given and realistic local governance capacities.
| + | [[Surface water, groundwater|Surface water, groundwater]]<br/> |
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| | + | [[Water losses through food losses and waste along the value chain|Water losses through food losses and waste along the value chain]] |
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| | + | [[Marginal Water|Marginal Water]]<br/> |
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| − | No Articles have been submitted so far.
| + | [[Collective governance of common-pool resources|Collective governance of common-pool resources]] |
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| | + | [[Social and economic impacts of wetland conversion by using an ecosystem services approach – Djerba Island|Assessing Social and economic impacts of wetland conversion by using an ecosystem services approach – Djerba Island]] |
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| | + | [[Ecological Sanitation|Ecological Sanitation]] |
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| | + | [[Payments for Watershed Services|Payments for Watershed Services]] |
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| | + | [[Fossil Aquifers|Fossil Aquifers]] |
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| | + | [[Corporate water risks|Corporate Water Risks]] |
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| | + | [[Improving Food Security by Effective Agricultural Water Management in a Climate Change Situation|Improving Food Security by Effective Agricultural Water Management in a Climate Change Situation]] |
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| | [[Category:Systempage]] | | [[Category:Systempage]] |
